Add the olive oil to a large heavy-bottomed stock pot or Dutch oven set over medium-low heat. Once the oil is hot, add the onions and garlic and cook, stirring occasionally, until the onions are translucent, about 3 minutes.
Increase the heat to medium. Add the ground beef and cook, breaking it apart with a spatula, until it is no longer pink. Stir in the tomato paste and Italian seasonings and cook, stirring occasionally, for 2 minutes.
Stir in the marinara sauce, chicken stock and broken lasagna noodles then bring the mixture to a boil. Cover the pot, reduce the heat to medium-low and continue cooking (covered) until the lasagna noodles are al dente, 25 to 30 minutes.
Divide the soup among serving bowls then top with a dollop of ricotta and a sprinkle of grated Parmesan. Serve immediately.